This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2008)

Thai Airways International การบินไทย
IATA TG	ICAO THA	Callsign THAI
Founded		1957
Commenced operations		May 1st 1960
Hubs		Suvarnabhumi Airport
Focus cities		Chiang Mai International Airport Don Mueang International Airport Phuket International Airport
Frequent flyer program		Royal Orchid Plus
Member lounge		Royal First Lounge Royal Orchid Spa Royal Silk Lounge Royal Orchid Lounge
Alliance		Star Alliance
Fleet size		89 (+60 orders)
Destinations		75
Parent company		Thai Ministry of Finance[1]
Company slogan		Smooth as silk
Headquarters		Bangkok, Thailand
Key people		Apinan Sumanaseni (president) Chalit Pookpasuk (chairman)
Website: http://www.thaiair.com

Thai Airways International's headquarters.

Thai Airways International Public Company Limited (Thai: การบินไทย) (SET: THAI) is the national air carrier of Thailand, operating out of Suvarnabhumi Airport, and is a founding member of the Star Alliance network. The airline operates some of the longest non-stop commercial flights, including routes from Bangkok to Los Angeles. Skytrax awarded Thai Airways International 'Worlds Best Cabin Staff and The Best Airline in the World' in 2006, while placing second in the 'Airline of the Year' category in 2007.^[2]

[edit] History

This section only describes one highly specialized aspect of its associated subject. Please help improve this article by adding more general information.

Thai started as Thai Airways International, a joint venture with Scandinavian Airlines System (which initially held a 30% share), along with a domestic carrier, Thai Airways Company (Thai: เดินอากาศไทย). The carrier's first flight was on May 1, 1960. On April 1, 1977, the Thai government bought out the remaining 15% of SAS-owned shares. On April 1, 1988, the two carriers merged to form the present Thai Airways International.^[3]

The arrival of the A340-500 coincided with a change to the airline's image, including a new livery and a revised font for the title "THAI".

On May 1, 2005, the airline began a nonstop Bangkok-New York service (TG790/791) with a new A340-500. The New York-bound flight time was 16 hours 55 minutes and Bangkok-bound flight time was 17 hours 10 minutes. Routing from New York/JFK was via Bergen; Oslo; Stockholm; the Baltic States; south of Moscow; Kabul; south of Delhi and on into Bangkok. Routing from Bangkok/BKK was north over Laos and Vietnam; then over China and into Siberia; north to a very short crossing of the Chukchi Sea to near Nome, Alaska; east past Cambridge Bay and the southern end of the Northwest passage; then southeast over Hudson Bay to a point between Ottawa and Montreal and finally over the Adirondacks and the Hudson Valley down into JFK. Citing very high fuel costs, Thai discontinued the JFK service as of July 1, 2008, even though the airline had been able to fill 80% of the seats. ^[4]

Boeing 747-400 in current colours

Non-stop Bangkok-Los Angeles service (TG794/795) started on December 2, 2005, also using a new A340-500. The flight time was 16.5 hours eastbound. This replaced TG774/775 (LAX-KIX-BKK & BKK-KIX-LAX) service using a Boeing 747-400 aircraft and a stop at Kansai International Airport in Osaka. However, Thai will be discontinuing BKK-LAX nonstops and will instead restart the old routing of BKK-KIX-LAX from March 31, 2009 forward amid cost-cutting measures. This new routing will use the Boeing 777-200ER, for its lower cost. The new flight numbers assigned to this route are TG797 & TG796 (LAX-KIX-BKK & BKK-KIX-LAX, respectively), and departure times will revert back to the old routing schedule: a midday departure from LAX and an early morning departure from BKK.

Thai Airways has announced that it is trying to sell its fleet of four Airbus A340-500 aircraft, but has not had any luck in doing so due to the current economic crisis and the generally weak market for an aircraft which consumes so much fuel.

The airline operates three weekly direct flights on the route Bangkok – Johannesburg v.v., using A340-600 aircraft from October 2006. However, in the wake of the fallout of the global financial market in addition to the Thai political crisis. THAI will end its service of Johannesburg and Africa as a whole on January 16th 2009.

[edit] Destinations

Main article: Thai Airways International destinations

[edit] Corporate Image

Thai Airways is one of the few if not the only airline with a uniform change policy. International female flight attendants are required to change from their corporate purple suits (for use outside the cabin) into their traditional Thai dress (as seen on the company's marketing campaigns) prior to the general boarding of passengers. They are also required to change back into the former prior to disembarkation.

[edit] Fleet

The Thai Airways International fleet consists of the following aircraft as of May 2008:^[5]

^{*Premium Economy is only available on non-stop flights from Bangkok to Los Angeles.}

At Don Mueang International Airport

The average age of the Thai fleet was 10.5 years at December 2007.

Thai has ordered 6 Airbus A380 aircraft, which will be delivered from 2010 for use on services to Frankfurt, Paris and London where frequencies cannot yet be increased.

All Airbus A300-600 will leave the fleet between 2008-2009, Thai will acquire 8 A330-300 as replacement aircraft for delivery starting in 2009.

The airline has a plan to retire 47 planes, and buy 65 in 10 years, Thai plan to lease 14 Boeing 787-9, and buy 20 Airbus A321-200. The airline still studies 31 on more Boeing 787s and Airbus A350s.

Because of the delayed Boeing 787-900 program, Thai might not be able to get the planes before 2012. Therefore, they have the second plan to lease more A380-800, A330-300 or Boeing 777s.

Thai has announced that the airline is going to sign a deal with the Airbus company for 2 A350-1000 plus 10 options and expect to get the first two planes in 2016.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Cabin Services

Thai has four travel classes: Royal First, Royal Silk, Premium Economy and Economy.

[edit] Royal First Class

The new Royal First Class was introduced with the arrival of the Airbus A340-600. It offers 8 single flat-beds seats. Thai's retrofitted 12 Boeing 747-400s are also equipped with this B/E Aerospace seat which mostly serves Europe-Australia and some intra-Asian flights. The new seats are equipped with lumbar massage and personal touch screen with AVOD and IFE system. Passenger on Royal First class can pick from 22 different meal choices, which they can pre-order before they fly.

Royal First class check-in at Suvarnabhumi Airport.

[edit] Royal Silk (Business) Class

The new Royal Silk Class was also introduced with the arrival of Airbus A340-600. The new shell, angled lie-flat business class seats are installed on other 12 Boeing 747-400 aircraft, 2 Boeing 777-300 aircraft, all boeing 777-200 aircraft, all Boeing 777-200ER aircraft and all Airbus A340 aircraft. The pitch is 60"-62" between seats and width is 20"-21.5". When fully reclined (electrically adjusted) the seat becomes completely flat, however it is angled. The seat can perform lumbar massage. All seats are equipped with 17"-20" touch screen and AVOD IFE.

[edit] Premium Economy Class

The new Premium Economy Class is only available on inter-continental flights between Bangkok(BKK) and Los Angeles(LAX) on Airbus A340-500 aircraft. The fare for Premium Economy Class is slightly higher than those of Economy. Premium Economy seating is configured as 2-3-2 rather than the standard 2-4-2 in Economy. Seat pitch is increased to 42", 135 degree angle of recline and the seat features a leg-rest. Premium Economy class passengers also have more choices over their meal selection. All seats of Premium Economy class are equipped with AVOD and IFE with 10.5" touch screen.

On some long-haul routes such as Bangkok – Copenhagen, Bangkok – Stockholm, aircraft with previous generation Business Class seats are used – therefore the seats are sold under Premium Economy Class fare.

[edit] Economy Class

Thai Airways Economy Class meal

The seat pitch in the Economy cabin offers passengers up to 36" pitch in select aircraft as well as 34" on all the other aircraft. Seat rows are configured in a 3-3-3 configuration in Boeing 777-200, 777-300 and 777-200ER aircraft, 2-4-2 in Airbus A340-500, A340-600, A330-300 and A300-600 aircraft, 3-4-3 in Boeing 747-400 aircraft and 3-3 in Boeing 737-400 aircraft. All Economy seats in Airbus A340-500, Airbus A340-600, Boeing 777-200ER and Boeing 777-300 (HS-TKA and HS-TKB) have individual Audio-Video On Demand (AVOD). AVOD will be added to the Economy cabins of the remaining 777-300 fleet between December 2008 and July 2009. THAI's newer A330-300 aircraft are also expected to include AVOD in the Economy cabins when they join the fleet starting in 2009.

[edit] Royal Orchid Plus

Thai Airways International's Royal Orchid Plus is the first frequent flyer program established in Thailand^{[citation needed]}. It has a membership of over two million members worldwide.

Earning Miles

There are two types of mile which can be earned towards a Royal Orchid Plus account.

Firstly, Eligible Qualifying Miles (EQM) this type of mile is earned on:

• Thai Airways flights
• TG codeshare flights on routes departing from/to Bangkok (Malaysian Airlines, Emirates Airlines, El Al Israel Airlines and China Eastern Airlines)
• Star Alliance flights
• Jet Airways flights

Qualifying Miles (Q Miles) are the miles flown and additional class of service miles on Thai and Star Alliance airlines. Royal Orchid Plus miles are earned based on the paid class of travel.

Thai Airways Boeing 747-400 in 1974-2005 livery, taking off

Secondly, Partner Miles are earned from non-airline partners, such as hotels.

Status Tiers

There are three tiers in the Royal Orchid Plus program

• Member – entry-level status
• Silver – requires 10,000 Q Miles in one calendar year or 15,000 Q Miles from the date of enrolment up to December 31 of the next complete calendar year
• Gold – requires 50,000 Q Miles in one calendar year, 80,000 Q Miles from the date of enrolment up to December 31 of the next complete calendar year, or 40 international flown sectors on THAI within any 1 calendar year.

[edit] Codeshare agreements

Check-in desks in Suvarnabhumi Airport Bangkok

Thai Airways International codeshares with the following airlines:

[edit] Incidents and accidents

• July 31, 1992 – Flight 311, an Airbus A310-304 hit the side of a hill 23 miles north of Kathmandu while descending towards Tribhuvan International Airport from Bangkok. All 113 on board (99 passengers and 14 crew) died. The accident was caused by technical faults (with flaps and a possible second unknown fault), pilot error and lack of equipment at TIA at the time (no radar).^[7]
• December 11, 1998 – Flight 261, an A310-200, bound for Surat Thani from Bangkok, during its third landing attempt in heavy rain, crashed into a rice paddy about 2 miles from Surat Thani airport; 102 of 143 aboard were killed.^[8]
• March 3, 2001 – Flight 114, a Boeing 737-400, bound for Chiang Mai from Bangkok, was destroyed by an explosion of the center wing tank resulting from ignition of the flammable fuel/air mixture in the tank. The source of the ignition energy for the explosion could not be determined with certainty, but the most likely source was an explosion originating at the center wing tank pump as a result of running the pump in the presence of metal shavings and a fuel/air mixture. [4] One flight attendant died [5].

[edit] References

[edit] See also

• Nok Air

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Thai Airways International

• Official website
• Video demonstration about safety on board

v • d • e Airlines of Thailand Current: Air Phoenix • Bangkok Airways • Nok Air • One-Two-GO Airlines • Orient Thai Airlines • PBair • SGA Airlines • Thai AirAsia • Thai Airways International Former/Grounded: Phuket Air  • Thai Air Cargo Cargo Only: Air People International • Angel Airlines